Genesin L., Bertoni M., Paggiaro A., Menardi G. (2025).

Unobserved heterogeneity and identification of causal effects using mixture models, Methodological and Applied Statistics and Demography IV, pp 77-82.

Abstract
We explore the opportunity of identifying potential sources of latent heterogeneity by employing a finite mixture regression model aimed at evaluating the causal effect of a treatment. Within each latent class of heterogeneity, the model describes the relationship between the outcome and the treatment, controlling for a set of covariates, and manages the endogeneity of the treatment. The proposed methodology can be applied to data of arbitrary nature, also allowing for the identification of possible heterogeneous effects.